What type of bar features protrusions that enhance bonding with concrete?

The correct answer is deformed bar. Deformed bars are specifically designed with protrusions or patterns along their surface that significantly enhance the mechanical bond between the bar and the surrounding concrete. This improved bond strength is particularly important in reinforced concrete structures, as it helps to resist pulling forces and shear stresses, thereby increasing the overall strength and stability of the construction.

The design of deformed bars allows them to effectively transfer loads between the concrete and the steel, making them ideal for applications where heavy loads or dynamic forces are present. The surface textures of deformed bars create a larger area for bond development, which is critical for ensuring the composite action between the concrete and steel reinforcement.

Other types of bars, such as plain bars, do not possess these protrusions and generally provide a weaker bond with concrete. Headed studs serve a different purpose, often used in applications such as composite construction, while rebar, although it can refer generally to a variety of reinforcing bars, does not automatically imply it is deformed unless specified. Therefore, in the context of enhancing bonding with concrete, deformed bars are the most suitable choice.