What are the basic components of reinforced concrete?

The basic components of reinforced concrete are cement, aggregates, water, and reinforcement. Cement serves as the binding material that, when mixed with water, initiates hydration and forms a hardened mass. Aggregates, which include sand and gravel or crushed stone, provide bulk to the concrete and contribute to its strength and durability. Water is essential not only for the hydration process that hardens the cement but also for workability, allowing the mixture to be easily placed and formed.

Reinforcement, typically in the form of steel bars or mesh, is added to enhance tensile strength, compensating for the concrete's inherent weakness in tension. The combination of these components results in a composite material that can withstand various loads and stresses, making it suitable for a wide range of structural applications.

The other options presented include components that do not accurately reflect the composition of reinforced concrete. For example, the presence of fiber in one option pertains to specific types of concrete but is not a basic component of reinforced concrete as traditionally defined. Similarly, aggregates that include clay or lime do not align with the typical composition of reinforced concrete, which favors clean, inert aggregates.